What is the oldest written source in this country that mentions this right?

Serbia

Under article 52 of Serbia’s Constitution all individuals of the proper age (18 years old) and working status are entitled to universal, free, and direct voting by secret ballot. (Constitute Project, “Serbia’s Constitution of 2006”).

Voting Rights and Suffrage · Country sources (all rights) · Years mentioned: 2006 · Last edited 2022-12-28 · Edit on GitHub